Lathe



No. 377,779'. Patented Feb. 1-4, A1888.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

CHARLES H. RUSsoM, or SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

I ATHE.

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 377,779, dated February 14, 1888.

Application nien May 2,1887. serrano. 237,016. (No maar.)

To al? whom it may concern:

1 3e It known that I, CHARLES H. RUssOM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Spr-ingiield, in the countyof Sangamon and State of adjustable chuck for holding the work. This Invention is adaptable to either two-bearing o r three-bearing lathes.

.The purposes of my invention are toprovide means for automatically closing the chuck by adjustable spring-pressure, so as to avoid Injury to work or breaking of tools by too great pressure of the chuck; to provide a revolving taper bushing of improved construction; to provide means whereby the pressure .of the spring which operates'to close the chuck shallbear on the end of the revolving taper bushing and the end of the main spindle, respectlvely, so as to avoid needless friction or undue strain on the machine; to provide an effective brake for the lathe; to provide means for the operator to open and close the chuck and also to apply the brake by pressure of the fooththus leaving both of his hands free for the manipulation of the work; to provide meansv to prevent the drawing-spindle from being thrown too far forward; to provide means to counterbalance the weight of the operators foot, and thereby prevent pulling the lever down so far as to injure the machine, and to adapt the drawing-spindle to receive through either end the material to be operated upon, or .the tools used in theI chuck or employed in adjusting the chuck, and also to receive chucks of different lengths. I attain these purposes bythe mechanism illustrated in the accompanylug drawings, in which-- I Figure lis a vertical section of the machine through the axisof the main spindle. Is a front view ofthe machine, the edge of the pulley being broken away to show the position of the lever-standard and the method of attaching same. Fig-3 is a side view of the rear arm of theylathe-head, showing the statlonary collar in position. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,

by a set-screw, as shown.

Fig. 2

and 9 are front and sideviews of the flanged washer,(which forms part of the revolvingta- 'per bushing,) the thin washer, the stationary collar, the camfaced lever, the friction-washer,

and the ring, respectively.

The relative position of the various parts is clearly shown in Fig. 1.'

V A is the lathe-head, such as' is in common use, and may be secured to the bench in any ings F.

B is the main spindle.

The drawing-spindle D is made hollow to permit the passage through it of tools or of the material being operated upon, and to its frontend is screwed the chuck C. lIphe movable nut d on the inside of the hollow drawing-spindle is pierced by a square hole, in' which a key passed endwise in the hollow drawing-spindle fits, so that the nut may be readily turned backward or forward, as may be necessary, toproperly adjust the chuck.

J is the drive-pulley suitably secured to the main spindle. ,I

M is a spring coiled around the rearward projecting end ofthe drawing-spindle and lying between a washer on the end of main spindle and the hand-wheel N. The hand-wheel screws on Vthe end of the drawing-spindle, as shown, for the purpose of regulating the tension of the springl M, and through it thevpressure on' the jaws of the chuck.

The end of the main spindle B projecting rearward is provided with a check-nut, d2, `by turning which the revolving taper bushing E G may be moved forward or backward, asmay be necessary for adjustment of the bushing.

The check nut, being in position, is secured G, (shown in detail in Fig. 4,) and which forms a part 'of the revolving taper bushing, surrounds the main spindle and lies next to and its projecting flange bears against the forward end of the conical bushing E. The hanged washerhas on its inner circumference a feather,

g', which slides in a corresponding groove in the main spindle and causes the washer to re- The flanged washer IOO volve with the main spindle. The conical bushing E is also provided with a similar feather or pin, and likewise `revolves with the main spindle.

The conical bushing E and the flanged washer G together constitute the revolving taper bushing E G. Next to the flanged washer G, and between it and the collar H, is placed the thin washer g2, for the purpose of equalizing the friction and the wear between the flanged washer G and the collar H. The collar H fits around the main spindle Hand has on one face a projecting lug, h?, fitting loosely in a corresponding recess in the front face of the rear arm of the lathe-head. (Clearly shown in Fig. 3.) The cam-faced hub on the lower end of the lever L [its on the projecting end of the collar H, so that the cam-face of the lever lies Y next to the projecting pins h' on the front face of the collar. There are on the face of the lever three cams or inclines, l', which, when the lever is turned, impinge against the pins h on the face of the collar, thereby giving the lever a forward movement on the projecting end of the collar.

The ring K surrounds the main spindle, and has in one face a circular recess which fits over the projecting end of the collar H. This ring has a dia-metric hole, through which and through a corresponding slot in the main spindle the screws 7c' pass and connect the ring with the drawing-spindle, as shown.

On one side of the lathe-head, and directly under the lever L, is suitably secured the vertical hollow standard R. Vithin the bore of the standard is a coiled spring, S, on which rests the plunger T, which supports the projecting end of the lever L for the purpose of counterbalancing the weight of the operators foot and returning the lever to position after it has been depressed. This leverstandard is adaptable to any lathe which has aprojecting lever, either for operating the chuck or for applying the brake, and serves to sustain such lever and to keep the operating parts out of contact.

By substituting a ring of suitable length for the coiled spring M the main spindle B may be extended out to the hand-wheel N, and the chuck may be operated, as is now ordinarily done, independently of the lever L.

The operation of the machine is as follows: XVhen it is desired to open the chuck for the purpose of receiving or discharging work, the operator presses with his foot on a treadle suitably connected to the projecting end of the lever L. As the lever is depressed it turns on its axis, and the cams Z on the face of the hub of lever bear against the pins h onthe collar H, causing the lever to slide forward on the collar and carry with it the ring K and the drawing-spindle D and connected parts, permitting thejaws of the chuck to spring open as it emerges from the end of the main spindle. When the pressure of the foot is removed, the recoil of the spring M pulls the the main spindle, and thus check the forward i movement of the drawing-spindle D. Then the continued pressure on the lever causes the faces of the lever L and the ring K to press against the interlying Washer k with force sufficient to stop the motion of the main spindle and cause the drive-belt to slip on the pulley J.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secu re by Letters Patent, is-

1. The arrangement, in a lathe, of the drawing-spindle, the revolving taper bushlng, the coiled spring, the hand-wheel, the stationary collar, and the operating-lever, in such relation to each other that the force used in compressing the spring shall be equally borne by the rear end of the main spindle and the forward end of the revolving taper bushing, substantiall y as shown, and for the purpose speclfied.

2. A revolving taper bushing for lathe-heads, consisting of two partsviz., a conical ring or thimble and a flanged washersubstantiallyas shown, and for the purpose specified.

3. A cam-faced lever for lathes, adapted to the double purpose of operating the chuck and the brake, combined and coacting with the stationary collar, the drawing-spindle and connected ring and chuck, and the main spindle and connected pulley, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose stated.

4. A brake for lathes consisting of a carnfaced lever having a hub coaxial with and supported by a stationary collar fitting loosely around the main spindle, a sliding ring fitting loosely around, and a pulley secured to said main spindle, all so arranged that downward pressure on the lever shall cause the ring to slide on the spindle, and the connecting-screws to press against the end of slot iu main spindle, so as to retard or to stop the motion of said main spindle and connected pulley, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose stated.

5. A collar for lathe-heads having on one of its faces projecting lugs fitting loosely in recesses on the arm of the lathe-head and on its other face projecting pins, in combination with the lathe-head, the main spindle, the drawingspindle and connected ring, and the cam-faced lever, substantially as shown, and for the purpose stated.

6. A brake-ring for lathes having in one of its faces a circular recess sliding on the main spindle and connected to the drawing-spindle, combined and coacting with the stationary collar, the cam-faced lever, and the drawing-spindle, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose stated.

7. A lever-standard for lathes consisting of a vertical stem and inclosed spring support tionary collar and cam-faced lever, with the ing a plunger, substantially as shown, and for ring, the hollow drawing-spindle, and the r 5 the purpose stated. hand-Wheel,substantially as shown, and for` 8. The combination, in a lathe, of the main the purpose stated. 5 spindle, the hollowdrawing-spindle, the coiled 11. A hollow drawing-spindle forlathes havspring, and the hand-wheel, substantially as ing its forward end internally threaded and shown, and for the purpose stated. y fitted with a perforated nut, substantially as zo 9. -rlhe combination, in alathe, of the main shown and described, and for the purpose spindle, the hand-Wheel, the hollow drawingstated.

ro spindle, and the connected ring, substantially CHARLES H. RUSSOM.

as shown and described, and for the purpose A Witnesses: stated. J. C. MATHIs,

10. The combination, in a lathe, of thel sta- GEORGE BURRELL. 

